The best families give you two things. They give you roots that connect you to something bigger than yourself. Families also give you wings, which help you soar to your fullest potential. Knowing who you are and where you come from affects many things, including physical, emotional and spiritual health.
For many, particularly African Americans, knowing the depths of our families’ roots is a challenge. With the institution of American slavery, many families of African descent were separated and displaced throughout the Americas. Compounding the issue is the lack of written records documenting enslaved African Americans’ history. Often these records are spotty, at best, or missing, at worst. Yet, where there is a will there is a way.
Within each of us is a key, unlocking the door to who we are, while also showing us the past and future, including our health. Health Watch wanted to find out more about this. So we dedicated yesterday’s show to exploring the topic, “Roots and genes: The link between DNA testing, history and health.”
Joining us was Dr. Rick Kittles, a scientist who well understands the connection between history, genes and health. Dr. Rick Kittles is a biologist at the University of Illinois at Chicago and the scientific director of African Ancestry, Inc. Dr. Kittles was the right guest to talk about how history and health are written in our genes.
As Dr. Kittles explained so much of who we are is encoded in DNA, which stands for Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid. We inherit DNA equally from our biological mothers and fathers. By studying the distinct patterns in the maternal or paternal lines scientists can determine lots of useful information about who we are, what health conditions we are predisposed to, and the ethnic groups our families originated from. Taking those applications to scale, Dr. Kittles and colleagues have developed African Ancestry, Inc., a genetics testing service which uses DNA to identify where in Africa people of African descent originated. Since starting the company, more than 20,000 people have used the relatively lost cost, fast and easy testing service.
Beyond genetic inheritance, Dr. Kittles also laid to rest the myth that race is a biological. Although there is tremendous physical variation between people, which we then use to put people into boxes or typologies called “races,” in actuality human beings no matter what their skin color or other physical features are almost identical biologically. Race is a cultural and social idea, not a biological one. That issue sparked some lively conversation with our Health Watch listeners.
While DNA helps unlock history’s past, including facts like all human beings originating from early humans located in Africa, it also has applications for health. DNA is answering questions about the excessively high incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer among African American men. It is also the driving force behind personalized medicine and genome mapping. The science of DNA is creating new and exciting paths of discovery. Yet, with any new technology there is an up side and a down side. DNA-related research is no exception. Dr. Kittles shed some light on this also.
DNA material once collected can be used for multiple research purposes. As healthcare consumers, when you provide human tissue, salvia, blood or other specimens, you should ask how is it going to be used and whether it will be saved for later use. Whether you decide to contribute your biological material or not, you should know this up front. However, as Dr. Kittles shared, the responsibility of conducting ethical research rests squarely on the shoulders of scientists themselves. Those who seek to know must first careful consider the implications of what they do and how they do their work. Dr. Kittles is obviously an advocate for researcher accountability. If you missed yesterday’s Health Watch, you definitely missed an important discussion. It was radio worth hearing!
To find out more about DNA testing and its applications, check out African Ancestry, Inc.’s website. They have a wealth of information, as well as a schedule for their 2010 national tour. Here’s the link to get your search started: http://africanancestry.com/
Health Watch believes when you know who you are, the rest is derivative. Here’s to finding your roots and developing wings to soar. Until next time remember, “When we know better, we do better. Then pass it on!”
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